{"id":14008,"date":"2020-02-08T14:41:04","date_gmt":"2020-02-08T13:41:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/?post_type=dt_lessons&#038;p=14008"},"modified":"2020-02-08T14:42:29","modified_gmt":"2020-02-08T13:42:29","slug":"digitalocean-initial-ubuntu-server-setup","status":"publish","type":"dt_lessons","link":"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/lessons\/digitalocean-initial-ubuntu-server-setup\/","title":{"rendered":"DigitalOcean Initial Ubuntu Server Setup"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdoc\">\n<p>This article describes essential configuration steps you should follow for <strong>digital ocean initial ubuntu server setup<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Contents:<\/p>\n<div id=\"TOC\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#step-1-create-a-non-root-user-with-sudo-rights\">Step 1: Create a non-root user with sudo rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#step-2-set-up-a-basic-firewall\">Step 2: Set up a basic firewall<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#step-3-add-ssh-keys-for-automatic-authentication\">Step 3: Add SSH keys for automatic authentication<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#step-4-add-swap\">Step 4: Add swap<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#read-more\">Read more<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"step-1-create-a-non-root-user-with-sudo-rights\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Step 1: Create a non-root user with sudo rights<\/h2>\n<p>In the following code, replace the expression <code>your_username<\/code> with a username that you like.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"bash\"><code># Login to your droplet as root\r\nssh root@your_server_ip\r\n# Create a non-root user with sudo\/admin privileges\r\nadduser your_username\r\nsudo usermod -aG sudo your_username\r\n# Switch from the root to the new username\r\n su - your_username<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"step-2-set-up-a-basic-firewall\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Step 2: Set up a basic firewall<\/h2>\n<p>In the following code, <code>UFW<\/code> corresponds to Uncomplicated FireWall. The <code>UFW<\/code> application is used to enable\/disable connections to certain services.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"bash\"><code># Enable firewall\r\nsudo ufw enable\r\n# Add SSH service to allow SSH connection\r\nsudo ufw allow OpenSSH<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Other useful commands:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"bash\"><code># Inspect allowed services\/application\r\nsudo ufw status\r\nsudo ufw app list\r\n# Disable UFW \r\nsudo ufw disable<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"step-3-add-ssh-keys-for-automatic-authentication\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Step 3: Add SSH keys for automatic authentication<\/h2>\n<p>Add SSH keys for automatic authentication without entering a password. From your local machine, type the following bash code:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"bash\"><code># Create ssh key if you don't have one\r\nssh-keygen -t RSA -b 4096 -C \"personal_machine\"\r\n# Copy the public keys to the droplet\u2019s root account\r\nssh-copy-id your_username@your_server_ip\r\n# Test your SSH connection by using your new log in credentials\r\nssh your_username@your_server_ip<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/docs\/droplets\/how-to\/add-ssh-keys\/to-existing-droplet\/\">Add SSH Keys to Existing Droplet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"step-4-add-swap\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Step 4: Add swap<\/h2>\n<p>If your server has small RAM, you will need to configure some SWAP, for example 4GB swap.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"bash\"><code># Add swap\r\nsudo \/bin\/dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/var\/swap.1 bs=1M count=4024\r\nsudo \/sbin\/mkswap \/var\/swap.1\r\nsudo \/sbin\/swapon \/var\/swap.1\r\nsudo sh -c 'echo \"\/var\/swap.1 swap swap defaults 0 0 \" &gt;&gt; \/etc\/fstab'<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"read-more\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Read more<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/initial-server-setup-with-ubuntu-18-04\">Initial Server Setup with Ubuntu 18.04<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/how-to-optimize-nginx-configuration\">How To Optimize Nginx Configuration<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--end rdoc--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Describes essential configuration steps you should follow for digital ocean initial ubuntu server setup.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7986,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-14008","dt_lessons","type-dt_lessons","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.2 - 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