{"id":8213,"date":"2018-11-20T07:41:09","date_gmt":"2018-11-20T05:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/?p=8213"},"modified":"2019-12-25T11:14:11","modified_gmt":"2019-12-25T09:14:11","slug":"how-to-create-beautiful-color-palettes-in-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/blog\/how-to-create-beautiful-color-palettes-in-r\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Create Beautiful Color Palettes in R"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"rdoc\">\n<p>This tutorial describes how to generate color palettes in R. Color is crucial for elegant data visualization. You will learn the basics for using the power of color and, we describe an R package and an online tool for generating beautiful color schemes.<\/p>\n<p>Contents:<\/p>\n<div id=\"TOC\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#understanding-color-wheel\">Understanding color wheel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#use-the-power-of-color\">Use the power of color<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#design-your-color-scheme-online\">Design your color scheme online<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#references\">References<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"understanding-color-wheel\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Understanding color wheel<\/h2>\n<p>The <strong>color wheel<\/strong> helps you visualize the relationships that colors have to one another. The wheel uses three primary colors, red, yellow and blue, spaced evenly apart. Blending those colors creates the full color wheel.<\/p>\n<p>The wheel is divided into pie slices which has the following components:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>hue<\/code> (true color): On the wheel below, the hue is four rings out of the center.<\/li>\n<li><code>tints<\/code>: correspond to the colors toward the center of the wheel (= hue + white color)<\/li>\n<li><code>shades<\/code>: corresponds to the ring of colors on the outside of the hue ( = hue + black color)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/images\/color-wheel.png\" alt=\"Color wheel\" \/><\/p>\n<p>You can select colors for your palette anywhere in the wheel with any saturation of color, but make sure that it contrasts and projects well. There is a bit of a science to creating a pleasing palette <span class=\"citation\">(Duarte 2008)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"use-the-power-of-color\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Use the power of color<\/h2>\n<p>Here, we defined the basics that can help you to design great color palettes. We\u2019ll use the R package <code>colortools<\/code> for displaying the different variations of colors.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n<li><strong>Monochromatic<\/strong>: Variations of the same color.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Analogous<\/strong>: colors that are touching in the wheel creates narrow harmonious color scheme.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Complementary<\/strong>: Colors from the opposite ends of the wheel provide the most contrast.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre class=\"r\"><code>library(colortools)\r\nanalogous(\"#00AF71\")\r\n\r\ncomplementary(\"#005496\")<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-analogous-and-complementary-colors-1.png\" width=\"288\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-analogous-and-complementary-colors-2.png\" width=\"288\" \/><\/p>\n<p>To create a variation of the same color, you can use the function <code>sequential()<\/code>. It\u2019s also possible to generate a color wheel for a given color by using the function <code>wheel()<\/code>.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"r\"><code># Color wheel\r\nwheel(\"steelblue\", num = 12)\r\n\r\n# Sequential colors\r\nsequential(\"steelblue\")<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-sequential-and-color-wheel-1.png\" width=\"336\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-sequential-and-color-wheel-2.png\" width=\"336\" \/><\/p>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Split Complementary<\/strong>: A variation of the complementary scheme that uses two colors on either side of a directly complementary color. These colors have high visual contrast but with less visual tension than purely complementary colors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Triadic<\/strong>: Three colors equally spaced around the color wheel create vivid visual interest.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tetradic<\/strong> or <strong>Square color scheme<\/strong>: Two pairs of complementary colors. This scheme is popular because it offers strong visual contrast while retaining harmony.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre class=\"r\"><code>library(colortools)\r\nsplitComp(\"steelblue\")\r\n\r\ntetradic(\"steelblue\")\r\n\r\nsquare(\"steelblue\")<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-split-complementary-triadic-and-tetradic-color-1.png\" width=\"288\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-split-complementary-triadic-and-tetradic-color-2.png\" width=\"288\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/figures\/0104-design-color-palettes-in-r-split-complementary-triadic-and-tetradic-color-3.png\" width=\"288\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"design-your-color-scheme-online\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Design your color scheme online<\/h2>\n<p>The online tool <a href=\"http:\/\/colorschemedesigner.com\/csd-3.5\/\">Colors Scheme Designer<\/a> can be used:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/dn-tutorials\/ggplot2\/images\/color-scheme-designer.png\" alt=\"colors scheme designer\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"conclusion\" class=\"section level2\">\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>This article presents color wheel and provides the basics for designing your own color palettes in R.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"references\" class=\"section level2 unnumbered\">\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<div id=\"refs\" class=\"references\">\n<div id=\"ref-duarte2008\">\n<p>Duarte, Nancy. 2008. <em>Slide:ology the Art and Science of Creating Great Presentations<\/em>. Sebastopol, CA: O\u2019Reilly Media. <a class=\"uri\" href=\"http:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/search?qt=worldcat_org_all&amp;q=0596522347\">http:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/search?qt=worldcat_org_all&amp;q=0596522347<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--end rdoc--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This tutorial describes how to generate color palettes in R. Color is crucial for elegant data visualization. You will learn the basics for using the power of color and, we [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7807,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rating_form_position":"","rating_results_position":"","mr_structured_data_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[126],"tags":[125],"class_list":["post-8213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r-tips-and-tricks","tag-r-colors"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Create Beautiful Color Palettes in R - Datanovia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article presents color wheel and provides the basics for designing your own color palettes in R.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.datanovia.com\/en\/blog\/how-to-create-beautiful-color-palettes-in-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Create Beautiful Color Palettes in R - 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